Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) Practice Exam

What is the difference between probable cause and reasonable suspicion in the context of arrest?

1. Probable cause is a lower standard

2. Probable cause does not equal reasonable suspicion

3. Probable cause requires a warrant

4. Probable cause is solely based on witness testimony

The correct answer is: Probable cause does not equal reasonable suspicion

The distinction between probable cause and reasonable suspicion is crucial in the criminal justice system, particularly concerning arrests. Probable cause is a higher standard than reasonable suspicion. It requires a belief, based on factual evidence and reasonable inferences, that a crime has been committed, and that the person to be arrested is involved in that crime. On the other hand, reasonable suspicion is a lower standard used primarily to justify brief stops and investigations. It arises when a law enforcement officer has specific and articulable facts that lead to a belief that a person may be involved in criminal activity. The correct choice highlights that while reasonable suspicion can lead to a temporary detention or stop, probable cause is necessary for making an arrest. This difference in standards impacts how law enforcement approaches investigations and the legal thresholds that must be met before proceeding with an arrest. Understanding this distinction is important for both legal professionals and the general public in understanding the limitations and powers of law enforcement.