Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) Practice Exam

What do witness statements that prove or disprove facts in a case refer to?

1. Documentary evidence

2. Testimonial evidence

3. Circumstantial evidence

4. Physical evidence

The correct answer is: Testimonial evidence

Witness statements that prove or disprove facts in a case are categorized as testimonial evidence. This type of evidence consists of oral or written statements made by individuals who witnessed events relevant to the case. Testimonial evidence is crucial because it directly conveys what a witness observes, hears, or experiences, and can establish key facts that influence the outcome of legal proceedings. Testimonial evidence differs from other types of evidence. For instance, documentary evidence includes written materials like contracts, emails, or reports that support a case but do not involve personal accounts. Circumstantial evidence, on the other hand, indirectly indicates a fact through inference rather than direct proof, often requiring further interpretation. Physical evidence involves tangible items such as forensic evidence, weapons, or clothing relevant to the case. In summary, when witness statements are presented to clarify or challenge facts, they are recognized as testimonial evidence, playing an essential role in the judicial process.